Battery Manufacturing: Functioning principle; Structure; Production; Equipment.

Manufacturing of Batteries
Crystec Technology Trading GmbH

Sustainable Battery Manufacturing for a Green Future

In a time when global warming is drawing attention to worldwide CO2 emissions, electromobility, and particularly battery development, are gaining increasing significance. As a pioneer in this field, Crystec, in close collaboration with its partner manufacturers from Southeast Asia (Korea, Japan, Taiwan, China), offers state-of-the-art and highly efficient equipment and machinery for battery production, especially lithium-ion batteries.

The production of lithium-ion batteries requires a variety of different manufacturing equipment, which we provide to you in the highest quality:

Mixer for Battery Manufacturing

KGA-Korea  Mixer for Battery Manufacturing - Efficient Production of High-Quality Battery Components

High-performance mixing of materials for optimal battery components

The mixer for battery manufacturing is an essential centerpiece in the production process of high-quality batteries. With high precision and efficiency, this innovative equipment blends anode and cathode materials with specific additives. This achieves optimal material properties that ensure improved battery performance and longer lifespan. Homogeneous mixing is crucial to guarantee consistent and reliable quality of battery components.

Versatile Applications

The mixer is characterized by its extraordinary versatility. In addition to producing anodes and cathodes for lithium-ion batteries, the mixer also enables the production of multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC) and low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC). This flexibility makes the mixer an excellent choice for companies specializing in a wide range of components, optimizing their production lines.

Fully Automated In-Line Integration or Standalone Operation

To meet the individual requirements of customers, we offer our mixer both as a fully automated in-line machine for seamless integration into existing production lines and as standalone devices. This allows companies to configure the equipment according to their production capacity and requirements, achieving maximum efficiency in manufacturing.


PD-Mixer for Production Line

Coater for Battery Manufacturing

KGA-Korea  Coater for Battery Manufacturing - Precise Production of Separator Membranes for Premium Batteries

Precise Coating for Optimal Separator Membranes

The coater for battery production is an outstanding tool that supports companies in the battery industry in manufacturing high-quality battery components. Precise coating of separator membranes is crucial for the functionality and performance of batteries. With KGA's coater, companies can ensure that the separator membranes are evenly and accurately coated to achieve the desired properties. Precise coating ensures that the separator membranes have the ideal thickness and structure to enable ion conduction in the battery and prevent short circuits.

Innovative Slot Die Coating for Optimal Results

Our coaters use an innovative slit-type nozzle aligned against the roller. This advanced technology allows for even distribution of the coating on the membrane, resulting in higher production accuracy and efficiency. By precisely controlling the coating parameters, customers can influence the desired properties of their separator membranes and obtain tailor-made solutions for their battery applications.

Drying Step for Optimal Results

The KGA coater not only performs the coating but also provides an integrated drying step. This drying step ensures that the coated separator membranes attain the right consistency and strength to fulfill their function in the battery optimally. The combination of precise coating and effective drying step contributes to batteries with high performance and long lifespan.

Versatile Application Possibilities

The coater can be used not only for the production of separator membranes in lithium-ion batteries but also offers flexibility for other battery technologies. This allows customers to expand their production and manufacture various battery types to meet the diverse market demands.

Easy Integration into Existing Production Lines

Our coater is designed to seamlessly integrate into existing production lines. This enables companies to optimize their battery manufacturing by using the coater as part of an efficient and state-of-the-art production line. The easy integration and user-friendly operation of the coater help reduce production times and increase overall efficiency.
Like our other products, the coater is also available as a standalone equipment.


Battery Coater, Single Machine

Roll Press for Battery Production

KGA-Korea  Roll Press for Battery Production - Efficient Mass Production of Cathode and Anode Materials

Efficient Mass Production of Cathode and Anode Materials

The roll press from KGA is a state-of-the-art machine specifically designed for the mass production of cathode and anode materials. As the centerpiece of battery production, this innovative press plays a crucial role in manufacturing high-quality battery components.
The roll press enables efficient and cost-effective mass production of cathode and anode materials for batteries. By using multiple heated polished rollers, the material is compacted precisely and uniformly to achieve the desired properties of the electrodes. The high production capacity of the roll press allows companies to produce large quantities of cathodes and anodes in a short time and effectively meet market demand.

Precise Calendering for Optimal Electrodes

In the calendering process in the roll press, the cathode and anode materials are pressed through multiple heated polished rollers. This process ensures precise compaction and alignment of the material structures to guarantee the desired electrical and mechanical properties of the electrodes. Precise calendering is crucial for producing batteries with high performance and stability.

Versatile Customization Options

The roll press is highly versatile and can be used for various types of cathode and anode materials. Companies can configure the machine according to their specific requirements and manufacture a wide range of battery membranes and electrode layers. This versatility allows companies to diversify their production capacities and meet the demands of various battery types.

High-Quality Processing for Premium Battery Components

The KGA roll press is known for its high-quality processing and durability. The machine is developed and manufactured with advanced technology to ensure reliable and long-term performance. The use of high-quality materials and components guarantees the production of electrodes with high precision and quality, positively impacting the overall performance and lifespan of batteries.

Easy Integration into Existing Production Lines

The roll press is designed to seamlessly integrate into existing production lines. The easy integration allows companies to optimize their existing infrastructure and increase the efficiency of the entire battery production. The user-friendly operation and intuitive control of the machine streamline the workflow and contribute to reducing production times and costs.
This product is also available as a standalone device.


Calender, Roll Press for Fully Automatic Production Line

Slitting and Winding Machines for Battery Production

KGA-Korea  Slitting and Rewinding Machines for Battery Production - Precise cutting and winding of battery membranes and electrode layers

Customizable Solutions for Efficient Production of Electrodes

KGA offers slitting and winding machines that provide customizable solutions for the efficient production of electrodes in the battery industry. These machines are designed to meet the needs of companies engaged in the mass production of electrodes for lithium-ion batteries and other battery types.
The slitting and winding machines allow companies to precisely slit electrode materials into the desired width and wind them into rolls with high accuracy. These processed electrode materials can then be used for the assembly of battery cells. The flexibility and precision of the slitting and winding process ensure the production of high-quality electrodes that contribute to the overall performance and reliability of batteries.

Precise Slitting for Optimal Electrode Width

The slitting machines feature precise slitting capabilities, which allow electrode materials to be slit into uniform widths according to specific requirements. This precision is essential to ensure the electrodes' uniformity and consistent performance in batteries.

Efficient Winding for High-Quality Electrode Rolls

The winding machines are designed to wind electrode materials into rolls with efficiency and accuracy. The uniform winding of electrode materials ensures that the rolls have consistent and reliable properties, facilitating their use in the battery assembly process.

Customizable Solutions for Diverse Requirements

KGA understands that different companies may have unique requirements for their electrode production. As such, the slitting and winding machines are highly customizable to accommodate various electrode dimensions and materials. This flexibility allows companies to adapt their production processes to different battery types and sizes.

High-Quality Production for Enhanced Battery Performance

By utilizing KGA's slitting and winding machines, companies can optimize the production of electrodes with high precision and quality. The resulting electrodes contribute to enhanced battery performance, including improved energy density and longer lifespan.

Integration with Existing Production Lines

The slitting and winding machines are designed to integrate seamlessly into existing electrode production lines. This integration streamlines the workflow and enhances the overall productivity of the battery manufacturing process. Additionally, the user-friendly interface ensures ease of operation and maintenance.
Standalone options are also available for these machines.


Slitting and Winding Machines for Battery Electrodes

Notching Machine for Battery Production

KGA-Korea  Notching Machine for Precise Electrodes

Precise Cutting Processes for Optimized Performance

KGA's Notching Machine is a highly advanced notching machine that serves an innovative function in battery production. Unlike conventional roll cutting and winding machines, this machine utilizes a laser-based cutting process to make precise notches in the electrodes. The Notching Machine allows for precise processing of electrodes in a defined manner, enhancing the performance and efficiency of batteries. The laser-based cutting offers high accuracy, enabling the production of finely tuned electrodes, resulting in improved battery performance. Moreover, the Notching Machine offers higher flexibility in adapting to various electrode shapes, meeting the requirements of different battery types.

Efficient Battery Production with the Notching Machine

By using the Notching Machine, companies can optimize their battery production process, as it enables a more efficient and precise cutting process. This contributes to improved product quality, reduced waste, and ultimately strengthens competitiveness in the market. KGA's Notching Machine is a valuable addition to any sophisticated manufacturing process in the battery industry.

Easy Integration into Production Lines

The Notching Machine is designed for seamless integration into existing production lines. For companies seeking an independent solution or looking to expand their production capacities gradually, we offer the Notching Machine as a standalone device. This option allows for integrating the notching function into existing processes without the need for a complete production line switch.


Battery Notching

Stacker System for Battery Production

KGA-Korea  Stacker System - Higher Energy Density and Longer Lifespan

Efficient Stacking for Enhanced Performance

KGA's Stacker System is an essential component in battery production for achieving higher energy density and longer lifespan. To accomplish these goals, multiple battery cells consisting of anode, cathode, and separator are connected in parallel and stacked together. This process requires precise stacking, where the cells are fused in a lamination step, similar to a fuel cell. KGA's Stacker System enables the precise and efficient stacking of battery cells. Parallel connection of the cells increases the overall energy density, resulting in improved battery performance. The stacked cells are carefully and uniformly placed in the Stacker System to ensure optimal energy transfer.

Lamination Step for Stable Bonding

The Stacker System performs a crucial lamination step where the stacked battery cells are firmly bonded together. Similar to a fuel cell, a stable bond is formed, allowing the cells to merge into a single unit. This contributes to longer lifespan and enhanced stability of the battery.

Optimization of Production Processes

KGA's Stacker System optimizes production processes in battery manufacturing. By efficient stacking and the lamination step, the throughput time is reduced, and production capacities are increased. This enables companies to manufacture high-quality batteries on a larger scale and meet the growing market demands.

Easy Integration into Production Lines

The Stacker System is designed for seamless integration into existing production lines. This allows companies to streamline their production processes and automate battery manufacturing. Alternatively, the Stacker System can be acquired as a standalone device to serve smaller production capacities or specific applications.


Battery Stacking

Packaging Machine for Battery Production

KGA-Korea  Optimal Battery Encapsulation with KGA's Packaging Machine

Highest Quality and Efficiency

KGA's Packaging Machine offers a recommended solution for the final step in battery production - the encapsulation of battery cells. With high precision and efficiency, the machine ensures that batteries are protected from external influences, guaranteeing their performance. The machine stands out for its high-quality processing and performance. The encapsulation of battery cells is done precisely and uniformly, resulting in high product quality and consistency. The machine operates efficiently, allowing for the optimization of production processes and increasing overall capacity.

Adaptation to Various Battery Types

KGA's Packaging Machine can be adapted to various battery types and sizes. Whether it is lithium-ion batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, or other battery types, the machine can perform encapsulation with precision to meet the specific requirements of each battery type.

Optional Sealing and Degassing

For additional safety and stability, battery cells can be optionally sealed and degassed. Sealing ensures that the batteries are completely closed and protected from moisture and other external influences. The degassing function ensures safe removal of excess gases from the battery cells.

Integration into Production Lines and Standalone Acquisition

KGA's Packaging Machine can be seamlessly integrated into existing production lines, allowing companies to make their production processes efficient and automate battery manufacturing. Alternatively, there is the option to acquire the Packaging Machine as a standalone device to serve smaller production capacities or specific applications.


Battery Sealing

Principle of Batteries

Batteries must be differentiated into primary and secondary battery systems. While primary systems cannot be charged, the secondary systems, also known as accumulators can be recharged using electrical energy.

Layout

The lithium-ion battery is usually composed of several cells connected in series or in parallel. This allows both the nominal voltage and the capacity of the battery to be adjusted. The connection is made by welding nickel strips. The layered structure of the cell is illustrated in the following graphic:

Lithium-Ion-cell
Layer structure of a Lithium-ion cell

The two electrodes form the heart of the cell. Graphite is usually used for the negative electrode, while the positive electrode is made of a lithium metal oxide.
The cell is filles by a liquid ion-conductive electrolyte in which Li ions can move freely. The two solid electrodes are separated by a semi-permeable separator membrane, which is only permeable for Li ions.
The cathode is located on an aluminum foil, while the anode is placed on a copper foil. Two different materials are necessary here, as aluminum would react with Lithium ions at the anode and copper would corrode on the cathode.

Chemical Processes

The chemical processes differ in the selected metal oxides. These are described below using the CoO2 cell:

Anode - negative electrode
LiC6 → Li-xC6 +xLi + xe-

Cathode - positive electrode
LiyCoO2 + x Li+ + x e- → Lix+y CoO2

This equation clearly shows that there is no chemical conversion of the materials used. Only Li ions migrate. The same applies to other lithium metal oxides.

Charge and discharge

By applying a potential during the charging process, positively charged Li ions (Li+) are released from the lithium metal oxide and migrate to the graphite anode. While discharging, the lithium ions migrate back to the metal oxide. Electrons can flow to the positive electrode via the external circuit during this process.